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Crow-Wastern <br />Auyust 14, 1985 <br />E-2i08 <br />Paye 6 <br />should be added to the equivalent Eluid pressure Eorce. For <br />calculating the base resistance to sliding, �ae recommend using a <br />passive pressure equivalent to that exerted by a fluid having a <br />density oE three hundred fifty (35Q) pcf and a coefficient of <br />friction of 0,40, <br />The wall �ressures a�ply only Eor a maximum wall height oE ten <br />Eeet. It is assumed thal no hydrostatic pressures act behind the <br />wall and that no surcharge slopes or loads will be placed above <br />the walls. If surcharges are to be applied they should be added <br />to the above lateral pressures, <br />Retaining and Eoundation walls should be backfilled with <br />com�acted free-draining soils with no organics. I'he soil should <br />contain no more than 5 rercent silt or clay and no particles <br />greater than Eour inches in diameter. The percentage of particles <br />passiny the No. 4 sieve should be between 25 and 70 percent. <br />Alternatively, a geotextile product such as Miradrain may be used. <br />We recommend the use oE Eootiny drains at the base of all <br />perimeter foutings. The Eooting drains should be surrounded by at <br />least six inches of. one inch minus wasl�ed rock, and provided with <br />a positive yradient towards suitable discharge facilities. The <br />pipe invert should be at least as low as the bottom of the <br />footing. For relaining walls, other than basement walls, weep- <br />holes can be used. The wee�hoies should be as low as possible to <br />maintain drainage behind the walls. When weepl�oles are provided, <br />all backfill within eighteen (18) inches of the weephole should <br />consist of one inch minus washed rock. <br />Excavations and Slones <br />In no case should excavation slopes be greater than the limits <br />specified in local, state and national government safety regula- <br />tions. Temporary cuts greater than Eive feet in height should <br />have an inclination no steeper Lhan 1:1 (Florizontal:Vertical). <br />Temporary cuts in dense till soils may be made at a 1:2 (H:V), <br />All permanent cut and Eill slopes should ba inclined no <br />steeper than 2:1 (H:V), These recommendations are applicable to <br />slopes with a maximum heiyht oE ten Eeet. Permanent cut slopes in <br />till soils may be at a 1.5:1 (H:V), If higher slopes are <br />anticip�ted, we should be contacted Eor the appropriate design and <br />construction criteria. We also recommend that all excavated <br />slopes be examined by Earth Consultants, Inc. to verify that <br />conditions are as anticipated. Supplementary recommendations can <br />then be developed, iE needed, to improve slability, including <br />flattening of slcpes or installation of surface or subsurface <br />drains. In any case, water should not be allowed to Elow <br />uncontrolled over the top oE any slopes. <br />Eanh Consultants, Inc <br />� <br />