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Subsurface Exploration, Geologic Hazard, and <br />S.,. Mary Magdalen Sport Court Preliminary Geotechnical Engineering Report <br />Everett Washington Geologic Hazards and Mitigations <br />II. GEOLOGIC HAZARDS AND MITIGATIONS <br />The following discussion of potential geologic hazards is based on the geologic, slope, and <br />shallow ground water conditions as observed and discussed herein. <br />5.0 SEISMIC HAZARDS AND MITIGATION <br />Earthquakes occur in the Puget Lowland with great regularity. The majority of these events <br />are small and are usually not felt by people. However, large earthquakes do occur as <br />evidenced by tbt' 1949, 7.2-magnitude event; the 1965, 6.5-magnitude event; and the 2001, <br />6.8-magnitude event. The 1949 earthquake appears to have been the largest in this area during <br />recorded history. Evaluation of return rates indicates that an earthquake of the magnitude <br />between 5.5 and 6.0 is likely within a given 20-year period. <br />Generally, there are four types of potential geologic hazards associated with large seismic <br />events: 1) surficial ground rupture, 2) seismically induced landslides, 3) liquefaction, and <br />4) ground motion. The potential for each of these hazards to adversely impact the proposed <br />project is discussed below. <br />5.1 Surficial Ground Rupture <br />Generally, the largest earthquakes that have occurred in the Puget Sound area are sub -crustal <br />events with epicenters ranging from 50 to 70 kilometers in depth. For this reason, no surficial <br />faulting or earth rupture as a result of deep, seismic activity has been documented to date in the <br />area of the subject site. Therefore, it is our opinion, based on existing geologic data, that the <br />risk of surface rupture impacting the proposed project is low. <br />5.2 Liquefaction <br />Liquefaction is the process of a loose, saturated sand losing its internal shear strength when <br />subjected to cyclic loading as may happen during an earthquake. Since the project site is <br />underlain by medium dense to dense till, the potential for liquefaction to occur is low. <br />5.3 Ground Motion <br />Based on the site stratigraphy and visual reconnaissance of the site, it is our opinion that any <br />earthquake damage to the proposed structure when founded on a suitable bearing stratum <br />would be caused by the intensity and acceleration associated with the event and not any of the <br />April 2 24 006 ASSOCI:ITED EARTH SCIENCES, INC. <br />R,IP/m - KE0602MAI - PmJegs120060260LWWP Page 5 <br />