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NIEHS Oil Spill Cleanup Training Tool <br />OSHA <br />Environmental Damage <br />• Workers should expect to encounter dead and bloated animal carcasses, <br />struggling and dying wildlife, and crude oil impacts to the shoreline. <br />• The various element groups affected are: Birds, Reptiles and Amphibians, <br />Fish, Invertebrates, Habitats and Plants, Wetlands, and Marine Mammals <br />and Terrestrial Mammals. <br />• Thousands of animals die immediately from being inundated with the oil. <br />• Higher death rates follow in subsequent years, partially because animals <br />ingest prey from contaminated soil and from ingestion of oil residues on <br />hair due to grooming. <br />54 WORKER EDUCATION & TRAINING PROGRAM <br />