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May 13, 2019 <br /> HWA Project No. 2015-061-21 <br /> Lateral Spread Modeling <br /> HWA has conducted a lateral spread evaluation using the methodology outlined in the 2012 <br /> CALTRANS Guidelines on Foundation Loading and Deformation Due to Liquefaction Induced <br /> Lateral Spreading. The computer program Slide 5.0 was used for these evaluations. This <br /> methodology uses a soil-structure interaction displacement-based approach to calculate the <br /> anticipated lateral load and displacement during a liquefaction event. The goal of this analysis is <br /> to develop a more realistic assessment of the extent of lateral spreading that will occur. This <br /> model can incorporate pile foundations or ground improvement measures. However, these types <br /> of conditions were not utilized for this evaluation. <br /> The CALTRANS guidelines first require a slope stability analysis be performed to estimate the <br /> depth of the critical failure mass, including the maximum anticipated extent of the failure. As <br /> part of this modeling the residual strengths for the anticipate liquefiable layers are used. Once <br /> the maximum extent of lateral spreading is determined, the geotechnical engineer repeats slope <br /> stability analyses at a particular point, within the predicted area of lateral spreading, to determine <br /> anticipated displacements. This is done by reducing the estimate ground acceleration until the <br /> location is found meet the stability requirement. Then the determined stable ground acceleration <br /> for that point is used to calculate the amount of lateral displacement for the design event. <br /> The following assumptions we used to determine anticipated lateral spreading magnitudes; <br /> 1. Liquefied soil residual shear strengths were calculated using the equation provided by <br /> Kramer and Wang(Kramer, 2015). <br /> 2. The initiation of liquefaction was determined based on the 2,475-year return period <br /> earthquake as outlined in the IBC. <br /> 3. One half of the site modified peak ground acceleration (0.2735g) for the slope stability <br /> model is appropriate. <br /> 4. The anticipated displacements were evaluated using equations outlined in Bray and <br /> Travasarou (2007). <br /> 5. Lateral spreading magnitudes were estimated ignoring the effects of proposed pile <br /> foundations. <br /> Lateral Spread Analysis Results <br /> For our analysis, cross sections B-B' and C-C' were evaluated as they were determined to be the <br /> most critical cross sections relating to the site's potential for lateral spreading. Cross sections <br /> B-B' and C-C', showing the anticipated areas of potential liquefaction, are shown in Figure 2 <br /> and 3 attached to the addendum. Based on this information HWA utilized Slide 5.0 to perform <br /> our stability analysis in accordance with the CALTRANS Mythology described above. Results <br /> of the slide analyses are shown in Figures 4 and 5 attached to this addendum report. <br /> Based on our analysis HWA has determined that no lateral spreading is predicted to occur along <br /> the proposed Riverfront Boulevard or within the footprints of the proposed Phase I or Phase II <br /> Everett Riverfront Development Addendum 4 HWA GeoSciences Inc. <br />