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6eoTest Services, Inc.—Revision 1 April 10,2020 <br /> Kikuchi Retaining Wall, Everett,Washington Project No. 20-0344 <br /> immier <br /> 10 percent fines may be feasible, but the use of these soils should generally be reviewed by the <br /> design team prior to the start of construction. <br /> Imported structural fill with less than five percent fines should be used during wet weather <br /> conditions. Due to wet site conditions, soil moisture contents could be high enough that it may <br /> be difficult to compact even clean imported select granular fill to a firm and unyielding condition. <br /> Soils with an over-optimum moisture content should be scarified and dried back to a suitable <br /> moisture content during periods of dry weather or removed and replaced with drier structural <br /> fill. <br /> Backfill and Compaction <br /> Structural fill should be placed in horizontal lifts. The structural fill must measure 8 to 10 inches <br /> in loose thickness and be thoroughly compacted.All structural fill placed under load bearing areas <br /> should be compacted to at least 95 percent of the maximum dry density, as determined using <br /> test method ASTM D1557. The top of the compacted structural fill should extend outside all <br /> foundations and other structural improvements a minimum distance equal to the thickness of <br /> the fill. We recommend that compaction be tested after placement of each lift in the fill pad. <br /> Keying and Benching <br /> Where fill is to be placed on slopes steeper than 5H:1V, the base of new structural fill should be <br /> tied to firm and unyielding native soils by appropriate keying and benching. <br /> The purpose of a keyway is to embed the toe of new structural fill into existing slopes. Keyways <br /> for hillside fills should be at least 5 feet wide, 2 feet deep, and cut into the native soil. Level <br /> benches can then be cut following the contours of the slope. Benches in native soils are typically <br /> cut a few feet wider than the equipment being used to cut them. <br /> Wet Weather Earthwork <br /> If construction takes place during wet weather, GeoTest recommends that structural fill consist <br /> of imported, clean, well-graded sand or sand and gravel as described above. If fill is to be placed <br /> or earthwork is to be performed in wet conditions, the contractor may reduce soil disturbance <br /> by: <br /> • Limiting the size of areas that are stripped of topsoil and left exposed <br /> • Accomplishing earthwork in small sections <br /> • Limiting construction traffic over unprotected soil <br /> • Sloping excavated surfaces to promote runoff <br /> • Limiting the size and type of construction equipment used <br /> • Providing gravel 'working mats' over areas of prepared subgrade <br /> 15 <br />