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Opporansh Zone Development LLC <br />June 6, 2010 <br />JN 19152 <br />Page a <br />If easements from neighboring property owners to install tieback anchors (or soil <br />nails) cannot be obtained, it may be necessary to utilize internal braces (rakers) to <br />restrain the soldier piles. Soldier piles restrained by rakers can undergo more <br />deflection than do tied -back or cantilever piles, due to the temporary sloped <br />excavation that is necessary in front of the soldier piles to install the rakers and <br />thrust blocks. This requires that the shoring designer closely evaluate the temporary <br />conditions that exist before raker installation. We should be contacted early in the <br />design process if rakers are necessary, In order to provide the appropriate design <br />considerations. <br />It is Important that the shoring design provides sufficient working room to drill and <br />install the soldier piles, without needing to make unsafe, excessively steep <br />temporary cuts. Out slopes should be planned to Intersect the backside of the drilled <br />holes, not the back of the lagging. <br />Lateral movement of the soldier piles below the excavation level will be resisted by <br />an ultimate passive soil pressure equal to that pressure exerted by a fluid with a <br />density of 600 pcf. This soll pressure is valid only for a level excavation In front of the <br />soldier pile; it ads on two times the grouted pile diameter. Cut slopes made in front <br />of shoring walls significantly decrease the passive resistance. This includes <br />temporary cuts necessary to Install Infernal braces or rakers. The minimum <br />embedment below the floor of the excavation for cantilever soldler piles should be <br />equal to the height of the "stick-up." Tied -back soldier piles should be embedded no <br />less than 10 feet below the lowest point of the excavation, including footing and <br />utility excavations. <br />The vertical capacity of soldier piles to carry the downward component of the tieback <br />forces will be developed by frictional shaft resistance along the embedded pile <br />length. <br />Pile Shaft Friction 2,000 psf <br />Pile End -Bearing 20,000 psf <br />Where: psf Is Pounds per Square Foot. <br />The above values assume that the excavation is level in front of the soldier pile and <br />that the bottom of the pile Is embedded a minimum of 10 feet below the floor of the <br />excavation. For the pile and -bearing to be appropriate, the bottom of the drilled holes <br />must be cleaned of loosened soil. The shoring contractor should be made aware of <br />this, as it may affect their Installation procedures. The concrete surrounding the <br />embedded portion of the pile must have sufficient bond and strength to transfer the <br />vertical load from the steel section through the Concrete into the soil. <br />7feheekgnchom <br />General considerations for the design of fied-back anchors or braced soldier-plle <br />walls where two or more anchors or braces are used are presented on Plate 7. We <br />recommend Installing tieback anchors at Inclinations between 20 and 30 degrees <br />below horizontal. The tieback will derive its capacity from the soil -grout strength <br />OEOTEdf CONSULTRNrS, INC. <br />