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October 25, 2015 <br /> YMCA - Everett <br /> L&A Job No. 15-089 <br /> Page 4 <br /> of the Fraser Glaciation which had occurred during the later stages of the Pleistocene Epoch, <br /> and retreated from the region some 12,500 years ago. <br /> The deposits of the Vashon till soil unit were plowed directly under by glacial ice during the <br /> most recent glacial period as the glacier advanced over an eroded, irregular surface of older <br /> formations and sediments. This soil unit is composed of a mixture of unsorted clay, silt, <br /> sand, gravel, and scattered cobbles and boulders. The Vashon till soil over the top two to <br /> three feet is normally weathered to a medium-dense state, and is moderately penneable and <br /> compressible. The underlying fresh till soil, commonly referred to as "hard pan", is very <br /> dense and weakly cemented. The fresh till deposits possess a compressive strength <br /> comparable to that of low-grade concrete and can remain stable on steep natural slopes or <br /> man-make cuts for a long period. The fresh till deposits can provide excellent foundation <br /> support with little or no settlement, but are of extremely low permeability and would hardly <br /> allow stormwater to seep through. <br /> The deposits of the advance outwash soil unit, normally underlying the Vashon till soil unit, <br /> are composed of stratified sand and gravel with very minor amount of silt and clay, <br /> deposited by the meltwater of advancing glacial ice of the last glacier then overridden by the <br /> still advancing glacier. Due to their generally granular composition, the advance outwash <br /> deposits are of moderately high permeability and drains fairly well. The advance outwash <br /> deposits are generally dense to very dense in their natural, undisturbed state. The underlying <br /> fresh advance outwash deposits in their native, undisturbed state can provide good <br /> foundation support with little settlement expected for light to moderately heavy structures. <br /> LIU & ASSOCIATES, INC. <br />