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DAHP WISAARD <br />' The WISAARD database indicates that there are no recorded archaeological sites or NRHP- or <br />WHR-listed properties within the APE. The four sites (Table 3) within 1.6 km (1.0 mile) of the APE <br />are downslope from the terrace upon which the APE sits. The Japanese Gulch refuse scatter is at <br />the mouth of Japanese Creek, which runs adjacent to the Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) <br />Boeing Spur rail line, originally built by the U.S. Army in the mid-1940s to service the Mukilteo <br />Explosives Loading Terminal. The other three archaeological sites are on the Mukilteo shoreline, <br />' running west from the Gulch to Point Elliott. There are four historic properties listed on the <br />NRHP: the Mukilteo Light Station at Point Elliot, the Point Elliott Treaty Site, the Point Elliott <br />Treaty Monument, and the Fowler Pear Tree all within 0.8-1.4 km (0.5-0.9 miles) of the APE. <br />None of these sites will be affected by the project. <br />Table 3. Cultural Resources Recorded within 1.6 km (1.0 Mile) of the Project Area <br />Site <br />Description <br />Location <br />Status <br />Project Effects <br />Japanese Gulch <br />0.45 km (0.28 miles) west- <br />potentially <br />45SN575 <br />Community, refuse <br />northwest, at the mouth of the <br />eligible <br />none <br />scatter <br />creek <br />Japanese Gulch Village, <br />0.64 km (0.40 miles) west- <br />45SN398 <br />house floor feature <br />northwest, on the south side of <br />eligible <br />none <br />the main rail line <br />Mukilteo shoreline site, <br />0.8 km (0.5 miles) west- <br />45SN393 <br />precontact shelleligible <br />northwest along the shoreline, <br />none <br />midden <br />north of the main rail line, <br />extending to Point Elliott <br />Crown Lumber <br />1.20 km (0.75 miles) west, just <br />45SN404 <br />Company Store, <br />historical commercial <br />south of precontact shell <br />eligible <br />none <br />property and debris <br />midden on shoreline <br />Historic Maps <br />' A review of mid -to -late nineteenth- and twentieth-century maps shows the project area is relatively <br />unchanged in regard to urban development since 1895 (Figure 7) (Metsker 1936; GLO 1860). This <br />may be because up until 1930, most of the APE was owned by various logging interests. Landscape <br />' modifications appear to have been largely associated with logging, rail construction, and drainage. <br />These changes can be identified by an examination of available historical maps and aerial imagery. <br />The 1860 GLO map (see Figure 7), for example, shows Japanese Creek with a much wider meander <br />' than depicted on a recent Google Earth aerial image (Figure 8), which illustrates the modified <br />drainage created after the development of the rail spur. No additional paved roads, homesteads, or <br />urban centers or housing developments are seen in any of the historical or modern maps. Apart <br />' from ground disturbance associated with the rail spur and creek re-channelization, land development <br />within the APE has been limited to surface ground disturbance during historical and modern logging <br />and grubbing operations. <br />Tierra Archaeological Report No. 2014-077 13 <br />