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EXPLANATION OF EXPLORATION LOGS <br /> SOIL DESCRIPTION: Soil descriptions presented on the borings logs are based on visual observations. Soil descriptions include density (coarse- <br /> grained soils) or consistency (fine-grained soils), moisture, color, major soil type, and grain size modifiers and should not be interpreted to suggest <br /> laboratory or field testing unless indicated on the logs. Soil descriptions include the following: Density/consistency, moisture, color, grain size modifier <br /> (adjective implying 31-49 percent), major soil type (CAPITALIZED implying 50+ percent), minor grain size modifier(some implying 6-12 percent, with <br /> implying 13-30 percent, and trace implying 0-5 percent), descriptive modifiers (i.e. roots, fill debris, cemented, etc.), and interpreted general geologic <br /> description. Descriptions may also include comments describing geologic properties such as dilatancy,toughness,structure,plasticity,and angularity of <br /> coarse-grained particles. Additional information regarding geologic properties is presented in the report text as applicable. <br /> DENSITY/CONSISTENCY: Soil density/consistency in borings is related to the blow count number in blows per foot using the sampling method <br /> indicated on the logs.Soil density/consistency in test pits is related to a"Field Test"as described below. Soil consistency in test pits or borings may be <br /> augmented by field Torvane or Pocket Penetrometer testing. <br /> Coarse-Grained Soils <br /> Density SPT Modified CA California Relative <br /> Descriptor (#blows/ft) Sampler Sampler Density Field Test <br /> (#blows/ft) (#blows/ft) (%) <br /> Very Loose I 0—4 0—4 0—5 I 0—15 Easily penetrated with%-inch steel rod pushed by hand. <br /> Loose I 5—10 1 5—12 • 6—15 I 15—35 Difficult to penetrate with'%-inch steel rod pushed by hand. <br /> Medium I Easily penetrated a foot with%-inch steel rod driven with 5-lb <br /> 11 —30 i 13-35 16-40 I 35-65 <br /> Dense hammer. <br /> Dense 31 —50 36—60 41 —70 65—85 Difficult to penetrate a foot with'%-inch steel rod driven with 5-lb <br /> hammer. <br /> Very Dense ! >50 1 >60 >70 I 85—100 I Penetrated only a few inches with%-inch steel rod driven with 5-lb <br /> hammer. <br /> Fine-Grained Soils <br /> Torvane Pocket <br /> Penetrometer <br /> Consistency SPT Undrained Unconfined Field Test <br /> Descriptor (#blows/ft) shear Compressive <br /> strength(tsf) Strength (tsf) <br /> Very Soft l 0—2 <0.125 <0.25 I Easily penetrates several inches by thumb. <br /> Soft 3—4 1 0.125—0.25 0.25—0.5 1 Easily penetrates one inch by thumb. <br /> ........................................... <br /> Medium Stiff 1 5—8 1 0.25—0.5 0.5—1.0 ; Penetrated over'%inch by thumb with moderate effort. <br /> Stiff 9—15 I 0.5—1.0 1.0—2.0 I Indented by thumb but penetrated only with great effort. <br /> Very Stiff I 16—30 1 1.0—2.0 2.0—4.0I Readily indented by thumbnail. <br /> Hard >30 >2.0 >4.0 Indented by thumbnail with difficult effort. <br /> MOISTURE <br /> Descriptor I Field Test <br /> Dry ' Absence of moisture,dusty,dry to the touch. <br /> Damp I Too low to achieve compaction <br /> Moist I Appears near optimum moisture content for compaction <br /> Wet I Too wet to achieve compaction <br /> Saturated 1 Below the groundwater table,visible free moisture. <br /> MAJOR SOIL TYPE: Coarse-grained soils with over 50%of the material retained on the U.S. No.200 sieve. Coarse-grained soils include boulders, <br /> cobbles,gravels and sands. Fine-grained soils with over 50%of the material passing the U.S.No.200 sieve. Fine-grained soils include silts and clays. <br /> GRAIN SIZE <br /> Descriptor Sieve Size Grain Size <br /> 1 <br /> Boulder I >12" >12" <br /> Cobble 3—12" 3—12" <br /> Gravel 3"—#4 3"—0.19" <br /> Sand 1 >#4—#200 I• <0.19"—>0.0029" <br /> Silt/Clay Passing#200 I <0.0029" <br /> GRAIN SIZE MODIFIERS <br /> Descriptor Approximate Percentage <br /> Trace 0—5 <br /> Some 6—12 <br /> With.....................................................................r.................................................................................................................................................................... <br /> 13-30 <br /> Adjective(silty,clayey,sandy,gravelly).......f..................................................................._3.1..._..50_.................................................................... <br />