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DevCo, Inc. ES-6516 <br />April 1, 2019 Page 11 <br />Vault retaining walls should be backfilled with free -draining material or suitable sheet drainage <br />that extends along the height of the walls. The upper one foot of the wall backfill may consist of <br />a less permeable soil, if desired. A perforated drainpipe should be placed along the base of the <br />wall and connected to an approved discharge location. If the elevation of the vault bottom is such <br />that gravity flow to an outlet is not possible, the portions of the vault below the drain should be <br />designed to include hydrostatic pressure. <br />ESNW should observe grading operations for the vault and subgrade conditions prior to concrete <br />forming and pouring. If the soil conditions encountered during construction differ from those <br />anticipated, supplementary recommendations may be provided. ESNW should be contacted to <br />review the final vault design to confirm appropriate geotechnical parameters have been <br />incorporated. <br />Preliminary Pavement Sections <br />The performance of site pavements is largely related to the condition of the underlying subgrade. <br />To ensure adequate pavement performance, the subgrade should be in a firm and unyielding <br />condition when subjected to proofrolling with a loaded dump truck. Structural fill in pavement <br />areas should be compacted to the specifications previously detailed in this report. Soft, wet, or <br />otherwise unsuitable subgrade areas may still exist after base grading activities. Areas <br />containing unsuitable or yielding subgrade conditions will require remedial measures, such as <br />overexcavation and/or placement of thicker crushed rock or structural fill sections, prior to <br />pavement. <br />We anticipate new pavement sections will be subjected primarily to passenger vehicle traffic. For <br />lightly loaded pavement areas subjected primarily to passenger vehicles, the following <br />preliminary pavement sections may be considered: <br />• A minimum of two inches of hot -mix asphalt (HMA) placed over four inches of crushed <br />rock base (CRB), or; <br />• A minimum of two inches of HMA placed over three inches of asphalt -treated base (ATB). <br />Heavier traffic areas generally require thicker pavement sections depending on site usage, <br />pavement life expectancy, and site traffic. For preliminary design purposes, the following <br />pavement sections for occasional truck traffic and access roadways areas may be considered: <br />• Three inches of HMA placed over six inches of CRIB, or; <br />• Three inches of HMA placed over four -and -one-half inches of ATB. <br />A representative of ESNW should be requested to observe subgrade conditions prior to <br />placement of CRIB or ATB. As necessary, supplemental recommendations for achieving <br />subgrade stability and drainage can be provided. If on -site roads will be constructed with an <br />inverted crown, additional drainage measures may be recommended to assist in maintaining road <br />subgrade and pavement stability. <br />Earth Solutions NW, LLC <br />