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Eu�iations for curves� . .�eei No. tia oi <br /> � Ii� = KPX2Z /(Xn R5) (force per unit area) <br /> P = the concentrated loaii � p = 2q� psF (a'�(ly�s��.�l60��� (yK <br /> R = XZ + yZ + Z � <br /> K = i.1 - 1.6 (used K = 1.2) <br /> n = 1/4 <br /> . X, Y, and Z are the coordinai:es oi any point on the side <br /> of the bo� culvert with the origin at the,load. <br /> 1/2 pressure distribution �__.,/ <br /> � /�. <br /> dZ <br /> Snrface 1 <br /> % <br /> � \ • <br /> . <br /> . <br /> . <br /> P X �`� <br /> Y <br /> Z <br /> Y ZZ ' <br /> v = 2 S � H� d� dy , <br /> 0 Z1 <br /> �s _ y . <br /> 2Y(ZZ - Zl) <br /> Y ZZ <br /> �,s 1 1 S Kp�{z Z dy dy <br /> y(Z2 - Zll 0 Zl gn, g� . <br /> �vs = KPXZ [ 1 1�2 ' <br /> 3Xn(Z2 -• Zi) (x2 + zi2)� +Zl� + Y .) <br /> 1 ] <br /> b <br /> 2 (�Za;p)42 ,� � + ZZZ)�2+zzz+Yz) 2 <br /> = o�is �55,Eb � <br /> 3(4� �u' ��� +0 41+D'+t� (y'ti4�s� 4�+�a�s�+-p <br /> The average uniiorm load'{ws) was determined by averaging the preesure <br /> over the culvert's haiBht aad 8 fee# of ite length. <br /> REFERF.NCE: "Harizontal Pressures aai Retaining Walls Due to Camceatrated �/ <br /> 8urface Loacls��� Iowa State College Bulletin(140), M.G, b�an8ler. <br /> i� <br />