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Appendix 8 The National Bicycle and Walking Study The National Bicycle and Walking Study provides a broad approach in its description of making a bicycle and pedestrian system effective. The following provides examples of factors to be considered in order to build bicycle and pedestrian facilities that are safe to use and functional. PEDESTRIAN FACILITIES The National Bicycling and Walking Study states, "pedestrian facilities both encourage people to walk and improve pedestrian safety along certain routes. The facilities must be well-designed and maintained to be effective, and must include the following features: • Widened paved shoulders to allow safer travel for pedestrians; • Sidewalks, paths, or walkways which are wide, relatively clear of obstructions and separated from traffic lanes; • Grade separated pedestrian crossings, which are clearly justified, since such facilities go unused or create illegal street crossing behavior by pedestrians if not properly planned, designed and located; • Pedestrian malls which are well-planned with respect to commercial development, traffic circulation, and visual appeal; • Proper design and operation of traffic and pedestrian signals, including pedestrian push- buttons, where appropriate; • Barriers that physically separate pedestrians from motor vehicle traffic at selected locations; • Facilities for people with mobility and visual impairments, including curb ramps, audible pedestrian signals, and longer intervals for slower pedestrian walking speeds; • Signing and marking, including pavement edge lines and pedestrian warning signs where needed." W:\PLANNING\TRAILS\COMP96.DOC 57