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July 21, 2014 <br /> Two Single-Family residences <br /> L&A Job No. 14-Q65 <br /> Page 14 <br /> loading. The wall should be designed for a factor of safety of at least 1.15 against sliding <br /> failure and 1.2 against overturning failure under seismic loading. <br /> A drain line consisting of perforated, rigid PVC, drain pipes, at least 4 inches in diameter, <br /> should be installed at a few inches below bottom of retaining wall to intercept and drain <br /> away groundwater flowing towards the wall. The drain line should have sufficient slope <br /> (0.5 percent minunum) to generate flow by gravity, and w�ater collected in the drain line <br /> should be tightlined to discharge into a storm sewer or suitable stormwater disposal <br /> facilities, The drain line should be wrapped in a layer of non-woven filter fabric, such as <br /> 140NS by Mirafi Inc., or approved equal, and completely embedded in clean washed <br /> gravel or crushed rock to within about 18 inches of the finish grade. A vertical drainage <br /> blanket at least 12 inches thick, consisting of clean, 3/4 to 1-1/2-inch, washed gravel or <br /> crushed rock, should be placed against the wall. Alternatively, a vertical drain mat, such <br /> as Miradrain 6000 by Mirafi Inc., or approved equal, inay be placed against the walls as <br /> the vertical drainage blanket. The vertical drainage blanket or drain mat should be <br /> hydraulically connected to the drain line at the base of the retaining wall. <br /> Soldier Pile Wall <br /> A cantilever soldier pile retaining wall may also be constructed along the toe of the <br /> hillside as an option to stabilize the hillside. A soldier pile wall is constructed by drilling <br /> holes into the ground, inserting steel beams in the holes, and filling the holes with <br /> structural concrete. Timber boards, treated for outdoor and soil contact use, are placed <br /> against cut bank between soldier piles. The soldier pile wall should be designed for an <br /> active soil pressure of 35 pcf EFD (equivalent fluid density) plus 0.75(3 pcf, where (3 is <br /> LIU & ASSOCIATES, INC. <br />