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• <br /> • <br /> • <br /> • <br /> • significant repair costs. When the subgrade is wet, site preparation may need to be <br /> • accomplished using track-mounted equipment loading into trucks supported on granular haul <br /> roads. <br /> • <br /> • The base rock thickness for pavement and building slab areas is intended to support post- <br /> • construction design loads and will not support construction traffic or pavement construction <br /> . when the subgrade soil is wet. If construction is planned for periods when the subgrade soil is <br /> wet, an increased thickness of base rock will be required. <br /> • <br /> • Haul roads and working blankets will be required to support construction equipment when the <br /> • subgrade is wet of optimum. Based on our experience, at least 12 inches of granular material is <br /> required for light staging and at least 18 inches of granular material for haul roads subject to <br /> • repeated equipment traffic. The required thickness of working blankets and haul road areas <br /> • depends on the contractor's sequencing of a project and the type and frequency of construction <br /> • equipment. We recommend that imported granular material for haul roads and working blankets <br /> consist of durable crushed rock that is well graded and has less than 8 percent by dry weight <br /> • passing the U.S. Standard No. 200 Sieve. Where silt is exposed at the ground surface, a <br /> geotextile should be placed on the subgrade before placing the granular material. The granular <br /> • material should be placed in a single lift and the surface compacted until well keyed. <br /> • As an alternative to placing 12 to 18 inches of granular material, the subgrade can be stabilized <br /> • using cement amendment. This recommendation is based on an assumed minimum unconfined <br /> • compressive strength of 100 psi and a treatment depth of 12 inches for staging areas and <br /> • 16 inches for haul roads. Cement amendment is further addressed in the "Structural Fill" section <br /> • of this report. <br /> • 6.5 EXCAVATIONS <br /> • 6.5.1 General <br /> • Excavations will be required for the installation of new footings, utilities, and other earthwork. <br /> . Conventional earthmoving equipment in proper working condition should be capable of making <br /> the necessary excavations. It is possible that buried construction debris, wood debris, logs, or <br /> prior subsurface structures may be encountered by deep excavations, which could result in <br /> • difficult digging conditions, trenches being wider than anticipated, and increased amounts of <br /> • backfill. <br /> • 6.5.2 Utility Trench Excavation <br /> • Trench cuts should stand near vertical to a depth of approximately 4 feet in the silt and sand fill <br /> • units provided groundwater seepage is not observed in the sidewalls. If seepage is encountered <br /> • that undermines the stability of the trench, the sidewalls should be flattened or shored. <br /> • Trench dewatering may be required to maintain dry working conditions if the invert elevations of <br /> • the proposed utilities are below the groundwater level. Pumping from sumps located within the <br /> • trench will likely be effective at removing water resulting from seepage. If groundwater is <br /> • present at the base of utility excavations, we recommend placing trench stabilization material at <br /> the base of the excavation consisting of 1 foot of well-graded gravel, crushed gravel, or crushed <br /> • rock with a minimum particle size of 4 inches and less than 5 percent by dry weight passing the <br /> S <br /> • <br /> G EODESIGN? 15 Polygon-128-01:091615 <br />