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i <br /> i T <br /> • James Pirie JN 97072 <br /> March 18, 1997 Page B <br /> All permanent cuts into native soil should be inclined no steeper than 2:1 (H:V). Fill slopes also <br /> should not be constr.�cted with an inclination greater than 2:1 (H:�. To reduce the potential for <br /> shallow sloughing, fill mus'. be compacted to the face of these siopes. This could be accompiished <br /> by overbuilding tl�e co��+pacte� fili and then trimming it back to its final incl:nation. Water should not <br /> be allowed to flow unconirollec: over the top of any temporarv or p�rmanent slope. Also, ali <br /> permanently exposed slopEs sho�ld be seeded with an appropria?e species of vegetation to reduce <br /> erosion and improve the stab�lity of the: surficial layer of soil. <br /> Drainaqe Considerations <br /> We recommend the use of footing drains at the base of footings, �vhere (1) crawi spaces or <br /> basements will be below a structure, (2) a slab is below the outside grade, or (3) the outside grade <br /> does not slope downward from a building. Drains should also be placed at the base of ell <br /> backfilled, earth-retaining walis. These drains should be surrounded by at least 6 inches of 1-inch- <br /> minus, washed rock and then wrapped in non-woven, geotextile filter fabric (Mirafi 140N, Supac <br /> �4NP, or similar material). At its highest point, a perforated pipe invert snould be at least as low as <br /> the bottorti of the footing, and it should be sloped for drainage. Drainage should also be provided <br /> inside the footprint of a structure, where (1) a crawl space �vill slope or be lower than the <br /> � surrounding ground surface, (2) an excavation encounters significant seepage, or (3) an excavation <br /> for a building will oe close to the expected high groundwater elevations. We can provide � <br /> recommendations for interior drains, should they become necessary, during excavation and <br /> � foundation construction. <br /> Alf roof and surface water drains must be kept separate from the foundation drain system. A <br /> typical drain detail is attached to this report as Plate 7. For ihe best long-term performance, <br /> perforated PVC pipe is recommended for all subsurface drains. <br /> No groundwater was observed during our field work. If seepage is encountered in an excavation, it <br /> should be drained from the site by directing it through drainage ditches, perforaled pipe, or French <br /> drains, or by pumping it from sumps interconnected by shallow conriector trenches at the bottom of <br /> the excavation. <br /> TFie excavation and site should be graded so that surface water is directed off the site and away <br /> from the tops of slopes. Water should not be all�wed to stand in any area where foundations, j <br /> slabs, or pavements are to be constructed. Final site grading in areas adjacent to buildings should ' <br /> slope away at least 2 percent, except where the area is paved. Water from roof, storm water, and j <br /> foundation drains should not be discharged onto slopes; it should be tightlined to a suitaole outfall <br /> ilocated away from any slopes. �I <br /> I <br />;' Pavement Areas <br />' All pavement sections may be supported on competent, nati�e soil or structural fill, provided these <br /> soils are in a stable, nor-yielding condition at the time of paving. Structural fill or fabric may be <br /> ded to stabilize soft wet or uns ble ar s. re us' ured <br /> nee , , ta ea We commend ing Supac 5NP, manufact <br /> by Phillips Petroleum Company, or a non-woven fabric ;�ith equivalent strength and permeability <br /> charac!eristics. In most instances where unstable subgrade conditions are encountered, 12 ir�ches <br /> . of granular, structural fill will stabilize the subgrade, except for very soft areas where additional fili <br /> GEOT[CH CONSULiANTS,INC. �I�� <br /> w - <br />