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Proposed Everett Warehouse <br />ZipperGeo Project No. 2152.01 <br />March 5, 2019 <br />Structural Fill section of this report. If utility foundation soils are soft, we recommend that they be over - <br />excavated 12 inches and replaced with crushed rock. <br />Structures such as manholes and catch basins which extend into soft soils or encountered groundwater <br />should be underlain by at least 12 inches of crushed gravel fill compacted to at least 90 percent of the <br />modified Proctor maximum dry density. This granular material could consist of crushed rock, quarry spalls, <br />or coarse crushed concrete. <br />Bedding: We recommend that a minimum of 4 inches of bedding material be placed above and below all <br />utilities or in general accordance with the utility manufacturer's recommendations and local ordinances. <br />We recommend that pipe bedding consist of Gravel Backfill for Pipe Zone Bedding as specified in Section <br />9-03.12(3) of the WSDOT Standard Specifications. All trenches should be wide enough to allow for <br />compaction around the haunches of the pipe, or material such as pea gravel should be used below the <br />spring line of the pipes to eliminate the need for mechanical compaction in this portion of the trenches. <br />If water is encountered in the excavations, it should be removed prior to fill placement. <br />Trench Backfill: Materials, placement, and compaction of utility trench backfill should be in accordance <br />with the recommendations presented in the Structural Fill section of this report. In our opinion, the initial <br />lift thickness should not exceed 1 foot unless recommended by the manufacturer to protect utilities from <br />damage by compacting equipment. Light, hand operated compaction equipment may be utilized directly <br />above utilities if damage resulting from heavier compaction equipment is of concern. <br />Temporary and Permanent Slopes <br />Temporary excavation slope stability is a function of many factors, including: <br />• The presence and abundance of groundwater; <br />• The type and density of the various soil strata; <br />• The depth of cut; <br />• Surcharge loadings adjacent to the excavation; and <br />• The length of time the excavation remains open. <br />As the cut is deepened, or as the length of time an excavation is open, the likelihood of bank failure increases; <br />therefore, maintenance of safe slopes and worker safety should remain the responsibility of the contractor, <br />who is present at the site, able to observe changes in the soil conditions, and monitor the performance of <br />the excavation. <br />It is exceedingly difficult under the variable circumstances to pre -establish a safe and "maintenance -free" <br />temporary cut slope angle. Therefore, it should be the responsibility of the contractor to maintain safe <br />temporary slope configurations since the contractor is continuously at the job site, able to observe the <br />nature and condition of the cut slopes, and able to monitor the subsurface materials and groundwater <br />conditions encountered. Unsupported vertical slopes or cuts deeper than 4 feet are not recommended if <br />Page 10 <br />