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Helix Design Group,Inc.-Greenwood Heating&Air Conditioning,Everett,WA April 22,2022 <br /> Geotechnical Engineering Report Z0219 <br /> compacted to at least 95 percent(based on ASTM D-1557), and all soils below 2 feet should be <br /> compacted to at least 90 percent. <br /> Pavement Materials: For the base course, we recommend using imported crushed rock. For the <br /> subbase course, we recommend using imported, clean, well-graded sand and gravel such as <br /> recommended in Section 4.6. <br /> Conventional Asphalt Sections: A conventional pavement section typically comprises an asphalt <br /> concrete pavement over a crushed rock base course. Using the estimated design values stated <br /> above, we recommend using the following conventional pavement sections: <br /> Minimum Thickness <br /> Pavement Course Parking Areas Driveway Areas Areas Subject to <br /> Frequent Truck Traffic <br /> Asphalt Concrete Pavement 2 inches 3 inches 4 inches <br /> Crushed Rock Base 4 inches 6 inches 8 inches <br /> Granular Fill Subbase 12 inches 12 inches 12 inches <br /> Compaction and Observation: All subbase and base course material should be compacted to at <br /> least 95 percent of the Modified Proctor maximum dry density (ASTM D-1557), and all asphalt <br /> concrete should be compacted to at least 92 percent of the Rice value (ASTM D-2041). We <br /> recommend that an MGI representative be retained to observe the compaction of each course before <br /> any overlying layer is placed. For the subbase and pavement course,compaction is best observed <br /> by means of frequent density testing. For the base course, methodology observations and hand- <br /> probing are more appropriate than density testing. <br /> Pavement Life and Maintenance: No asphaltic pavement is maintenance-free. The above-described <br /> pavement sections present our minimum recommendations for an average level of performance <br /> during a 20-year design life; therefore, an average level of maintenance will likely be required. <br /> Furthermore,a 20-year pavement life typically assumes that an overlay will be placed after about <br /> 10 years. Thicker asphalt and/or thicker base and subbase courses would offer better long-term <br /> performance but would cost more initially; thinner courses would be more susceptible to <br /> "alligator" cracking and other failure modes. As such, pavement design can be considered a <br /> compromise between a high initial cost and low maintenance costs versus a low initial cost and <br /> higher maintenance costs. <br /> 4.7 Structural Fill <br /> The term"structural fill"refers to any material placed under foundations,retaining walls,slab-on- <br /> grade floors, sidewalks, pavements, and other structures. Our comments, conclusions, and <br /> recommendations concerning structural fill are presented in the following paragraphs. <br /> Materials: Typical structural fill materials include clean sand, gravel, pea gravel, washed rock, <br /> crushed rock,well-graded mixtures of sand and gravel(commonly called"gravel borrow"or"pit- <br /> run"),and miscellaneous mixtures of silt,sand,and gravel. Recycled asphalt,concrete,and glass, <br /> Migizi Group,Inc. Page 14 of 16 <br />