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DevCo, Inc. <br />April 1, 2019 <br />Excavations and Slopes <br />ES-6516 <br />Page 6 <br />Excavation activities are likely to expose existing fill and dense to very dense glacial till deposits. <br />Based on the soil conditions observed at the boring locations, the following allowable temporary <br />slope inclinations, as a function of horizontal to vertical (H:V) inclination, may be used. The <br />applicable Federal Occupation Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and Washington <br />Industrial Safety and Health Act (WISHA) soil classifications are also provided: <br />: Areas exposing existing fill 1.5H:1V (Type C) <br />o Areas containing groundwater seepage 1.5H:1V (Type C) <br />• Dense to very dense glacial till 0.75H:1 V (Type A) <br />Steeper temporary slope inclinations within undisturbed, very dense native deposits may be <br />feasible based on the soil and groundwater conditions exposed within the excavations. If <br />pursued, ESNW can assist in evaluating the feasibility of utilizing oversteepened slopes at the <br />time of construction. If the recommended temporary slope inclinations cannot be achieved, <br />temporary shoring may be necessary to support excavations. <br />The presence of perched groundwater may cause localized sloughing of temporary slopes due <br />to excess seepage forces. An ESNW representative should observe temporary and permanent <br />slopes to confirm slope inclinations are suitable for the exposed soil conditions and to provide <br />additional excavation and slope recommendations, as necessary. Permanent slopes should be <br />planted with vegetation to enhance stability and to minimize erosion, and should maintain a <br />gradient of 2H:1V or flatter. <br />In -situ and Imported Soils <br />On -site soils are moisture sensitive, and successful use of on -site soils as structural fill will largely <br />be dictated by the moisture content at the time of placement and compaction. Remedial <br />measures, such as soil aeration may be necessary as part of site grading and earthwork activities. <br />If the on -site soils cannot be successfully compacted, the use of an imported soil may be <br />necessary. In our opinion, a contingency should be provided in the project budget for export of <br />soil that cannot be successfully compacted as structural fill if grading activities take place during <br />periods of extended rainfall activity. Soils with fines contents greater than 5 percent typically <br />degrade rapidly when exposed to periods of rainfall. <br />Imported soil intended for use as structural fill should consist of a well -graded, granular soil with <br />a moisture content that is at (or slightly above) the optimum level. The fines content of the <br />imported granular soil should be 5 percent or less during wet -weather conditions (where the fines <br />content is defined as the percent passing the Number 200 sieve, based on the minus three- <br />quarter -inch fraction). <br />Earth Solutions NW, LLC <br />