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DevCo, Inc. <br />April 1, 2019 <br />Subgrade Preparation <br />ES-6516 <br />Page 7 <br />Competent, uniform subgrade areas should be established below the foundation and slab <br />elements to both minimize the potential for differential settlement and provide competent bearing <br />conditions along structural subgrades. Where dense subgrade conditions are exposed at <br />proposed subgrade elevations, minimal preparations will likely be necessary. ESNW should <br />confirm acceptability of subgrade areas prior to placing formwork. Supplementary <br />recommendations for subgrade improvement may be provided at the time of construction; such <br />recommendations would likely include overexcavation and replacement with clean crushed rock <br />or lean mix (foundation subgrade). <br />The process of removing existing structures may produce voids where old foundations and/or <br />crawl space areas may have been present. Complete restoration of voids resulting from <br />demolition activities must be executed as part of overall subgrade and building pad preparation <br />activities. ESNW should confirm subgrade conditions, as well as the required level of <br />recompaction and/or overexcavation and replacement, during site preparation activities. ESNW <br />should also evaluate the overall suitability of prepared subgrade areas following site preparation <br />activities. <br />Structural Fill <br />Structural fill is defined as compacted soil placed in foundation, slab -on -grade, roadway, <br />permanent slope, retaining wall, and utility trench backfill areas. Soils placed in structural areas <br />should be placed in loose lifts of 12 inches or less and compacted to a relative compaction of 95 <br />percent, based on the laboratory maximum dry density as determined by the Modified Proctor <br />Method (ASTM D1557). For soil placed inutility trenches underlying structural areas, compaction <br />requirements are dictated by the local city, county, or utility district, and are typically specified to <br />a relative compaction of at least 95 percent. Structural fill placed below foundation elements in <br />heavier load areas must consist of two-inch diameter, clean crushed rock or lean mix placed <br />directly atop dense native soils. <br />Foundations <br />Based on our findings, it is our opinion the proposed multi -family structures may be constructed <br />on conventional continuous and spread footing foundations bearing upon dense to very dense <br />native soil. In general, dense native soil suitable for support of foundations will likely be <br />encountered beginning at depths of about two -and -one-half to eight feet bgs. Where loose or <br />unsuitable soil conditions are exposed at foundation subgrade elevations, overexcavation to a <br />depth that exposes dense native soil and replacement with crushed rock or lean mix will be <br />necessary. <br />Earth Solutions NW, LLC <br />