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n <br />� <br />within the canopy of the tree, disease may be indicated by leaf blight, stem <br />canker, fungal growth or insect and bird activity. <br />Trees produce adaptive growth to compensate for the stress related to <br />growth and injury. The shape and formation of limbs and trunks can reveal the <br />ability of the tree to compensate for weakness or indicate internal problems that <br />may lead to limb or trunk breakage. The interpretation of these changes in form <br />is part of a growing body of knowledge pioneered in Europe and adopted across <br />the globe. The knowledge is not new but the application of that knowledge in risk <br />assessment is in the forefront of progress in understanding how trees <br />compensate for stress. Research into stress-loading of trees and materials <br />testing of wood structure has led to the development of systems of structural <br />evaluation based on the principals of bio-engineering. <br />Observations <br />Fifty trees were identified and marked with flagging by representatives of <br />the community. These trees are all of a single species; Red Alder (Alnus rubra) <br />the majority of the trees (forty one) are <br />located behind units F, G, H, I, J and K; the <br />remaining nine trees were located behind <br />units N and O. The approximate location of <br />the trees is shown on the sketch plan. <br />The concern about the trees is in part <br />related to the proximity of the trees to the <br />residences and previous incidents of tree <br />failure in which trees have failed and caused <br />damage. <br />Red Alder are a pioneer species <br />typically populating areas that have been <br />opened up by the removal of overstory trees. Their role is to fix nitrogen in the <br />soil and provide a suitable environment for successional trees with longer life <br />cycles. As such Alder grows rapidly and is relatively short lived, typically attaining <br />Villas at Glenwood Terrace Tree Risk Assessment Robert W. Williams Consulting Arborist 5 <br />