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July 21, 2� 14 <br />Two Single-F'amily residences <br />L&A 7ob No. 14-065 <br />Page 15 <br />the angle above horizon in degrees of the hillside behind the wa1L The active soil <br />pressure may be countered by a passive soil pressure of 400 pcf EPD over pile toe <br />embedment in hard clayey silt deposit. The above soil pressures are unfactored ultimate <br />values. The active soil pressure should apply on one pile s�acing over the unsupported <br />wall height and one pile diameter below. The passive soil pressure should apply on the <br />lesser of one pile spacing or two pile diameters for soldier pile toe embedment. T`he <br />soldier pile wall should be designed for a factor of safety of at least 1.5 against sliding <br />and overtlu�nang failures under static loading. <br />. .. . . , y _ <br />i1.�J i; :� (a . � . . . „ , , <br />tl '' r�;:i �.,.i ��{� ��.�-� �r.�.�;� ns�,r97$ �' <br />'�ii� 51�li1i�1 �9`ii; b�l�ff.i S13Ci7.�1� ' � r� �;,�v- , i _ <br />recommend a pseudo static loading be used for seismic loading design of the wall. The <br />active soil pressure should be an invert triangular distribution pressure diagram, with the <br />ma�mitude of pressure at the top to be l OH[(30H+0.75 �3)/30H] EFD, where (3 is the angle <br />above harizon in degrees of the hillside bebind the wall, and H tlie unsupported height of <br />the wall. The allowable stress of the soldier pile wall elements may be increased by one <br />third for design of short-duration seismic loading. The soldier pile wall should be <br />designed for a factor of safety of at least i.i5 against sliding failure and L2 against <br />overturning failure under seismic loading. <br />The soldier piles should be lagged v�rith timber boards from the top of the wall io at least <br />one foot bel�w finish grade in front of the vaall. The iimber laggir�g boards should be of <br />treated wood suitable for outdoor and soil contact use. Timber lagging boards may be <br />designed for o�e half the above recommended active soil pressures for static and seismic <br />loadings to account for soil arching effect between the soldier piles. <br />LIU 8� ASSOCIATES, INC. <br />