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All capacities presented above are predicated on a minimum 5-foot embedment into dense <br /> nati��e soils and a minimum pier length of 12 feet. Longer piers may be necessary depending <br /> on actual subsurface conditions, new fill thickness and foundatian elevation. The allowable <br /> vertical design loads may be increased by one-third for short-term wind or seismic loading. <br /> Anticipated settlement of pier-supported stcuctures should be less than 1 inch. , <br /> The actual total length of each 1 ier may be adjusted in the field based on required capacity and <br /> conditions encountered durin� drilling. Since completion of the pier takes place beiow ground, <br /> the judgement and experienee of the �eotechnical engineer or t.is field representative must be <br /> used as a basis for determining the required penetration and acceptability of each pier. <br /> Consequently, the use of the presented picr capacities in the design requires that all piers be <br /> inspected by the geotechnical ergineer or his representative who can interpret and collect the <br /> installation data and examine the contractor's operations. AESI, acting as the owner's field <br /> representative, would determine the required lengths of thc piers and keep records of pertinent <br /> installation data. A final summary report would then be distributed following completion of <br /> pier installation. <br /> 12.0 LATERAL WALL PRESSURES <br /> All backfill behind walls or azound foundation units should be placed as per our <br /> recommendations for structural fill and as described in this section of the report. Horizontally <br /> bac�lled walls, which aze free to yield laterally at least 0.1 percent of their height, may be <br /> designed using az� equivalent fluid equal to 35 pounds per cubic foot {pc�. Fully restrained, <br /> horizontally bac�lled rigid walls should be designed for an equivalent fluid of 55 pcf. Walis <br /> which retain sloping backfill at a maximum angle of 2H:1 V should be designed for 45 pcf for <br /> yielding conditions and 75 pcf for restrained conditions. �or walls located adjacent to areas <br /> that are subject to vehicle traffic, a surcharge equivalent to 2 feet of soil should be added to the <br /> wall height in determinina lateral design forces. <br /> The lateral pressures presented above are based on the conditions of a uniform bacl�ill <br /> consisting of the on-site lodgement till or imported sand and compacted to 90 percent of <br /> ASTM:D 1557. A higher degree of compaction is not recommended as this will increase the <br /> pressure acting on the wall. A lower compaction may result in settlement of adjacent azeas, <br /> such as below the proposed driveway. Thus, the compaction level is critical and should be <br /> tested by our firm during placement. Surcharges from adjacent footings, heavy construction <br /> equipment, or sloping ground must be added to the above values. Footing drains should be <br /> provided for all retaining walls as Ziscussed under the section on Drainage Considerations. <br /> It is imperative that proper drainage be provided so that hydrostatic przssures do not develop <br /> again�t the walls. This would involve installation of a minimum 1 foot wide blanket d:ain for <br /> the full wall height using imported, washed gravel agsinst the walls, or an approved drainage <br /> board. The drainage medium must be installed such that i[ communicates freely with the <br /> footing drain system. <br /> 12 <br />