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D. Where a firm foundation is not encountered at ihe grade established, due to <br /> soft, spongy, or other unstable soil, such unstable soil under the pipe and for <br /> a width of ot least one diameter on each side of the pipe shall be removed to <br /> ihe depih directed by the Special Inspector and replaced with gravel or <br /> other suitable selecled moterial properly compacted to provide adeqi�ate <br /> support for ihe pipe. <br /> 3.02 BACKFILL <br /> A. Backfilling shall be carefully done in such a manner as not to disturb or <br /> damage the installaTion. Not uniil pipe joints have set, piping has been <br /> tested, and the installation hos been inspected and approved, shall irenches <br /> be backfilled. Backfill shall sfart as soon after approval as possible to avoid <br /> damage to finished work. If finished work is damaged prior to and during <br /> backfilling operations, such work shall be replaced or repaired and retested <br /> before backfilling is continued. <br /> B. The backfill from the bottom of piNc to ihe horizontal diameter shall be <br /> made with bedding material. From ihe 5orizontal diometer of ihe pipe to a <br /> �oinT one foot above ihe top of pipe, backfill s ��I be mode with approved <br /> backfill material. <br /> C. Both bedding and backfill material sholl be carried up evenly on both sides <br /> of ihe pipe simultoneously in approximately 6-inch layers and ihoroughly <br /> compacted. <br /> D. Backfill material from one foot above the top of pipe to grade shal' be <br /> carried up in even layers not to exceed 12 inches in loose ihickness, except <br /> layers in ihe top 2 feet shall not exceed 6 inches in loose ihickness. Each <br /> layer shall be thoroughly compacted with mechanical tampers to 95% <br /> compac t i on. <br /> E. Take special care to compact tlie backfill under services where they shall <br /> enter buildings and monholes to prevent settling. The Coniractor shall be <br /> fully responsible for any damages to piping or property as a result of settling <br /> around service lines. Water cannot be used fior compaction without wriiten <br /> approval of ihe Special Inspector. <br /> 3.03 SHORING AND PUMPING <br /> A. All excavations shall be shored and braced by suitable methods and <br /> materials to prevent danger to persons or structures or injurious caving and <br /> erosion. Excavations shall be maintained free of water u�til pipe is bedded <br /> and onchored. All necessary pumping eGuipment, power, materials and <br /> qualified personnel, shall be furnished by ihe Contractor as required. <br /> r + . : . <br /> �222�-Z <br /> 8301 � � <br />