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September 7, 2010 <br />Mr. John Mustach <br />L&A Job No. 10-036 <br />Page 4 <br />any, within thc keyway trench of the wall should be over-excavated down to dense Esperance <br />Sand soil and backfilled with stcuciural fill. A vertical drainage blanket should be placed against <br />the back of the blocks and should be hydraulically connected to the wall drain line. Structural iill <br />should be uscd to backfill the wall behind the vertical drainage blanket. <br />Dcsign Soil Parametcrs <br />The proposed prccast conerete block wall varies from less than 4 fect to about ] 0.5 feet ta(I. We <br />recommcnd that the wall be designed for a fully drained wndition in accordance with thc <br />following soil perimcters: <br />Unit Wcight, 7', pcf <br />Angle of Internal Friction, <br />�, dcgrecs <br />Cohesion, c, psf <br />Reinforccd Retained <br />SOIIS SOIIS <br />135 125 <br />3C 34 <br />0 0 <br />Poundation Levcling <br />Soils Rock Base <br />135 135 <br />36 40 <br />0 0 <br />"I'hc block wall should bc designcd for a iuinimum lactor of 1.5 against sliding failurc, 1.7 against <br />overturning fuilurc and 2A against foundation bcaring failure under the static loading condition. <br />7'he Puget Sound region is in an aclive seismic zone snd the block wal( should also be designed <br />undcr thc scismic loading condition for a 100-year seismic evenL The peak ground acceleration <br />1'or such a�� event in the Puget Sound region is about 03g (g = gravity force). The block wall, <br />howcvcr, arc built with intcrlocking wncrcte blocks with somc (lexibility, and ihe block do not <br />movc in unison during carihquakes. Thcrclorc, for design of thc block wall under the seismic <br />loading condition, the ground acceleration may be reduced to 0.2g. The block wall should <br />designed for a factor of safety o1� at least l.l against sliding failure, 1.15 against overturning <br />1'ailure and 1.5 against foundation bearing failure under [he seismic loading condition. <br />LIU & ASSOCIATES, INC. <br />