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CHAPTER 6 <br />We used the image of broken windows to <br />explain how neighborhoods might decay into <br />disorder and even crime if no one attends <br />faithfully to their maintenance. If a factory or <br />office window is broken, passersby observing <br />it will conclude that no one cares or no one is <br />in charge. In time, a few will begin throwing <br />rocks to break more windows. Soon all the <br />windows will be broken, and now passersby <br />will think that, not only is no one in charge of <br />the building, no one is in charge of the street <br />on which it faces. Only the young, the <br />criminal, or the foolhardy have any business <br />on an unprotected avenue, and so more and <br />more citizens will abandon the street to those <br />they assume prowl it. Small disorders lead <br />to larger and larger ones, and perhaps even <br />to crime.... <br />In a report prepared for the President's <br />Commission on Law Enforcement and Crime <br />in 1967, Alobert Biderman and his social <br />science colleagues presented an important <br />finding from surveys of citizens: feer of crime <br />was strongly related to the existence of <br />disorderly conditions in neighborhoods and <br />communities. <br />George L. Kelling and Catherine M. Coles: <br />Fixing Broken Windows <br />P-2 Continue cooperative maintenance and clean-up efforts. <br />George L. Kelling and Catherine M. Coles, in their book Fixing Broken <br />Windows, argue convincingly that maintaining a clean, well -cared -for <br />physical environment can be an effective crime reduction strategy. Their <br />point is that criminals are less likely to frequent a place that is well cared <br />for and clearly has a cohesive order. Painting out graffiti, cleaning up <br />garbage, maintaining building facades, and similar measures can help to <br />reduce crime, increase civility, and add to residents', workers', and <br />visitors' sense of personal safety. <br />The Downtown Everett Association and BIA might be logical initiators of <br />cooperative maintenance, litter removal, and anti -graffiti campaigns. The <br />amount of effort can be geared to the extent of the problem at a given <br />time. However, as other communities have learned, civic maintenance is <br />like dental hygiene—consistent preventative care is better than trying to <br />correct a problem. Additionally, the City might consider extending its <br />minimum maintenance ordinance, which requires the repair of unsafe <br />buildings, to cover unsightly facades in need of repair, cleaning, or <br />painting. <br />MAKERS architecture and urban design <br />0509_rpt_draft.doc - 6/29/06 <br />