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above the very dense soils. This risk could be evaluated by reviewing pile driving records of the <br /> existing piles;however,they were not available at the time of this report. We can further <br /> evaluate this risk based on driving behavior of the new wharf upgrade piles. <br /> 7.0 CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS <br /> 1 The applicability of the design parameters that are recommended in Section 6.0 is contingent <br /> upon good construction practice. Poor construction techniques and methods may alter conditions <br /> 1 from those upon which our recommendations are based. The following sections discuss some <br /> construction considerations for this project. <br /> 7.1 Pile Installation <br /> The closed-end pipe piles can be installed with an impact hammer and/or a vibratory hammer. <br /> ' We recommend that the use of a vibratory hammer be limited to initial placement of the pile <br /> prior to impact driving. Approximately the final 10 feet of pile penetration at rows D to G and <br /> final 20 feet at rows B and D should be driven with an impact hammer. <br /> ' 7.1.1 Installation Monitoring <br /> Pile driving should be monitored by taking a continuous driving record of each pile. For this <br /> purpose,the Contractor should be required to mark the pile in 1-foot intervals. The pile-driving <br /> record should include hammer stroke and blows per foot for impact hammer installation, and rate <br /> of advancement for vibratory hammer installation. In addition,the record should include time, <br /> date,reasons for delays,tip elevation, specified criteria, initials of inspectors making final <br /> acceptance of the pile, and other pertinent information. We recommend that a Shannon& <br /> Wilson representative observe pile driving and/or review the pile driving records daily. <br /> ' 7.1.2 Impact Hammer and WEAP Analysis <br /> Fixed-lead-type impact pile-driving equipment is recommended. The use of hanging or <br /> ' swinging leads is not recommended,unless they are constructed so that they can be held in a <br /> fixed position during driving operations such as by the use of a template. Leads should be of <br /> sufficient length so that the use of followers will not be necessary. The Contractor should <br /> furnish the manufacturer's specifications and catalog for the hammer proposed. <br /> Shannon&Wilson performed preliminary Wave Equation Analysis of Pile(WEAP) analyses of <br /> potential hammer energies that would be required to install the planned steel pipe piles. These <br /> analyses included the evaluation of a D-46 and D-62 series impact hammer for the assumed <br /> 1 21-1-21962-003-R240cx/wp/cp 21-1-21962-003 <br /> 11 <br />