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3. Structural fill placed as crushed rock base course below pavements should be compacted to <br /> 95 percent of the MDD estimated in general accordance with ASTM D 1557. <br /> 4. Structural fill for permanent slopes should be compacted to 90 percent of the MDD estimated in <br /> general accordance with ASTM D 1557. <br /> 5. Non-structural fill, such as fill placed in landscape areas, should be compacted to at least 85 percent <br /> of the MDD estimated in general accordance with ASTM D 1557. In areas intended for future <br /> development,a higher degree of compaction should be considered to reduce the settlement potential <br /> of the fill soils. <br /> We recommend that a representative from our firm be present during proof-rolling and/or probing of the <br /> exposed subgrade and pavement subgrade soils,and during placement of structural fill.Our representative <br /> will evaluate the adequacy of the subgrade soils and identify areas needing further work, perform in-place <br /> moisture-density tests in the fill to evaluate whether the work is being done in accordance with the <br /> compaction specifications, and advise on any modifications to procedure that may be appropriate for the <br /> prevailing conditions. <br /> Weather Considerations <br /> The on-site soils contain a high percentage of fines (silt) and are moisture-sensitive. When the moisture <br /> content of these soils is more than a few percent above the optimum moisture content,they become muddy <br /> and unstable. Operation of equipment in these conditions will be difficult, and the required compaction <br /> criteria will not be achieved.Additionally,disturbance of near-surface soils should be expected if earthwork <br /> is completed during periods of wet weather. During dry weather, the soils will: (1) be less susceptible to <br /> disturbance; (2)provide better support for construction equipment; and (3) be more likely to meet the <br /> required compaction criteria. <br /> The wet weather season in western Washington generally begins in October and continues through May; <br /> however, periods of wet weather may occur during any month of the year. If wet weather earthwork is <br /> unavoidable,we recommend that the following steps be taken should the near-surface soil conditions begin <br /> to deteriorate: <br /> ■ The ground surface in and around the work area should be sloped so that surface water is directed <br /> away from the work area.The ground surface should be graded so that areas of ponded water do not <br /> develop.The contractor should take measures to prevent surface water from collecting in excavations <br /> and trenches. Measures should be implemented to remove surface water from the work area. <br /> ■ Earthwork activities should not take place during periods of heavy precipitation. <br /> a The contractor should take necessary measures to prevent on-site soils and soils to be used as fill from <br /> becoming wet or unstable.These measures may include the use of plastic sheeting,sumps with pumps, <br /> and grading. The site soils should not be left uncompacted and exposed to moisture. Sealing the <br /> surficial soils by rolling with a smooth-drum roller prior to periods of precipitation will help reduce the <br /> extent to which these soils become wet or unstable. <br /> ■ Construction traffic should be restricted to specific areas of the site, preferably areas that are surfaced <br /> with working pad materials not susceptible to wet weather disturbance. <br /> ■ Construction activities should be scheduled so that the length of time that soils are left exposed to <br /> moisture is reduced to the extent practicable. <br /> GEOENGINEERS. April 22,2016 Page 11 <br />