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November 11, 2016 <br /> HWA Project No. 2014-117-21 <br /> Structural backfill and compaction considerations are discussed in Sections 4.8.3 and 4.8.5, <br /> respectively. <br /> 4.3.2 Foundation Considerations <br /> We understand the bus shelters and maintenance facility will be supported by shallow <br /> foundations. We recommend all undocumented fill material be excavated from below the <br /> footings until native glacial soils are encountered. Footings should be founded in the native <br /> glacial soils, or in compacted structural fill constructed above the native glacial soils, depending <br /> on footing elevations. <br /> We recommend a maximum allowable bearing capacity of 3,000 psf be used for design of the <br /> footing foundations founded on weathered glacial till, non-weathered glacial till, or properly <br /> compacted structural fill. For short-term wind and seismic loading conditions, the allowable <br /> bearing pressure maybe increased by 1/3 (to 4,000 psf). We recommend minimum footing <br /> widths of 18 and 24 inches for strip and square footings,respectively. <br /> For development of lateral resistance to sliding, an allowable coefficient of friction of 0.5 may be <br /> assumed for spread and strip footings cast neat against properly prepared subgrade. For frost <br /> protection considerations, all footings should be buried at least 18 inches, measured from <br /> finished grade to footing base level. <br /> 4.4 PAVEMENT CONSIDERATIONS <br /> We understand the center island will be surrounded by a PCC pavement structure. We also <br /> understand that hot-mix asphalt(HMA)pavement sections will be constructed in the vicinity of <br /> the Seaway Boulevard and 75th Street SW entrances; where those alignments will be widened to <br /> accommodate construction of the transit center. It is our understanding that all pavement design <br /> is being performed by Perteet. Assuming the pavement sections are constructed on properly <br /> prepared subgrade soils or compacted structural fill a subgrade resilient modulus of 15,000 psi <br /> should be used for design of pavements. <br /> 4.4.1 Subgrade Preparation <br /> We recommend excavating all undocumented fill from below the footprint of the pavement <br /> structure and replacing with"Structural Backfill". The remnant HMA pavement section <br /> encountered at hand borings HH-1 and HH-2 should also be removed. <br /> The exposed subgrade should be thoroughly proof-rolled to identify poor subgrade areas after <br /> excavation. All organic material should be removed from beneath the entire footprint of the <br /> pavement areas. Loose or soft soil, defined as being penetrable more than 1 foot with a 1/2-inch <br /> diameter rod pushed in under a 150 lb load (T-probe pushed in by hand), should be removed and <br /> 2014-117 Final Geotechnical Report 9 HWA GEOSCIENCES INC. <br />