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Gcotcchnical L'ngincering G�-��.�.�tion <br /> R310 Rim Drive- R�an <br /> Novembcr R, 2004 <br /> R1�11 �ilc No. '_'1 G04 <br /> Pf�ec S <br /> Found»tions <br /> Conventional sh�illo�v sprcnd foundalions should be pinced on undisturbed medium dense or better native <br /> soi's. Wherc Icss thnn mcdium dense soils nre cncamtered at footing bcaring clevntion, tlie subgrnde <br /> should be overescavated to c�pose suitablc bcnring soii. Thc o��erexcavation could bo fill.:d with <br /> structural fill (sec subseclion on Structural Filp or the f'ooting may be estendcd do�vn to the benring <br /> n�tive soils. If footings are supported on structural fill, the ill zone should cxtend outside the edges of <br /> the footing a distance equnl to the depth oP o�'erescavation belo�v thc footing. <br /> Pootings, including inlerior footings, should extcnd at I�nst 18 inchcs bclow the lo�vest adjacent finished <br /> ground surface for 1'rost protection and/or bcnring caE.ncit}' considcrations. Minimum foundation widths <br /> of IR :jnd ?4 inches arc rccommcndcd for continuous und isulated sprcad footings, respectively. <br /> S�andinE ��•.ner should not bc allo���cd to accumulatc in footing trenchcs. All loose or disturbcd soil <br /> should be removed from the foundation e�cavation prior to pouring of the concrete. <br /> Por foundations constructcd as outlincd above, �vc recommend an allowable design bearing pressure of <br /> not mor� ih�n 2,000 pounds per square fo�t (ps� bc used for the footinu design. Current Iniemational <br /> 13uilding Code Q[3C) guidelincs should be used ��hen considering increased allownble benrine pressure <br /> fur short-term transitoq �vind or seismic londs. Potertial found;tion senlement using the recommended <br /> allo���ablc bcaring prcssurc is estimateJ to bc Icss than I inch total nnd 1/?-inch differenti�l behaeen <br /> adjacent footings or across a distancc of about 25 fcct. <br /> Latcral loads nmy be resisted by 1'riction on the base of the footing ancl pa,si�'c resistnnce acainst the <br /> subsurfnce portions of dic tiwndation. A cocPficient of friction of 0.35 may be used to calculute the base <br /> Giction, and should be applicd to the vertical dead load only. Passivc resistance may be calculated as a <br /> triargular cquivalcnt iluid prc��e:: distribution. An cquivalent fluid dcnsity of 200 pounds per cubic <br /> timt (pc� shuuld bc used ibr pnssivc rcsis:ance design. These recommcndeJ values incorpornte safety <br /> tactors of IS and ?0 appl�ed to the estimnted ultimate values for Gictional nnd pnssivc resistancc. <br /> respectively. To achie��e ihis value of passivc resistance, the foundations should be pinced "ncai' <br /> (�+idiout fnnns) aeainst the aa���c medium dcnsc or beiter soils or cumpacted soil should be placed <br /> against the Icont of the f'ooting. \Vc rccommend that tl�c upper foot of soil bc neglectcd when calculating <br /> dic passivc resistancc. 'ihc soil surfacc should bc horizontal in Gont ofthn footing for a distancc equal to <br /> nt Icast thrcc timcs the depth of embcdnxnt of thc lonting. <br /> RMI Associates, Ltd. <br />