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OpporWnhy Zone Development LLC <br />June 6, 2019 <br />JN 19152 <br />Page 10 <br />together. We recommend that an allowable adhesion value of 2,000 pounds per square <br />foot (psf) be used for the design of the soll nails. <br />The process begins by making a 4- to 6400t vertical cut In the shoring area followed <br />Immediately by the placement of anchors. The cut face is then covered with a wire mesh, <br />and shotcrete is placed over the mesh and soil face. Generally, no temporary, unsupported <br />excavations for will walls should be allowed to stand longer than 12 hours without the <br />acceptance of the gectechnical engineer. Furthermore, vertical cuts may be difficult in the <br />underlying clean, outwash sand without minor sloughing. It may be necessary to use sloped <br />cut faces or fill berms within the sand to install the soil nails; a shoring contractor should be <br />consuited about this situation. Once the shotcrete has hardened, the excavation again <br />proceeds and the nails are placed. A geotexiile drainage composite must be placed over <br />the face of the cut prior to shotcreting to prevent buildup of hydrostatic pressures behind the <br />shotcrete facing. As the excavation progresses downward, the drainage composite strips <br />are extended, until reaching the base of the excavation, where weep holes are placed <br />through the shotcrete to be tied into an underslab footing drain. <br />Because soll nails are passive elements (they are not pre -stressed as tiebacks are), soil -nail <br />walls will typically deflect more than a soldier -pile wall. This involves more risk of causing <br />damage to adjoining utilities, streets, and other on -grade elements. The shoring designer <br />should provide an estimate of the lateral deflection that is anticipated for the soil nail wall. <br />Caving of loose or granular soils, or in zones of seepage, can require that the shoring <br />contractor modify their installation techniques. This can increase the cost and time <br />necessary to Install the nailed wall. This may specifically be an Issue In the clean, <br />underlying, outwash sand encountered beneath the site. Again, we recommend that the <br />shoring oontracor be consulted regarding potential difficulties and modifications that can <br />occur during the construction of a soil -palled well. <br />This adhesion value should be substantiated by load -testing at least two anchors In each <br />soil type to at least 200 percent of their design capacity, prior to installing production <br />anchors. During shoring construction, at least 5 percent of the production anchors should <br />be proof -tested to 130 percent of the design anchor capacity. <br />The shoving designer will likely utilize one of several commercially available computer <br />programs to design the nailed walls. We recommend that the following soil strength <br />parameters be used in the nail wall design: <br />Sog Type <br />Moist Uolt BReMlvelnhrnal Frletion <br />W t c Angle (dea re <br />Effective Cohesion(pA) <br />FIIVI7S , native <br />125 30 <br />50 <br />Glacial Till <br />140 40 <br />Wit <br />Advance Outwash <br />Sand <br />135 42 <br />50 <br />Surcharges from adjacent existing structures and roads must be included in the design. <br />EXCAVATION AND <br />As with any shoring system, there Is a potential risk of greater -than -anticipated movement of the <br />shoring and the ground outside of the excavation. This can translate into noticeable damage of <br />OEOTECfl CONSULTANTS, INO. <br />